1.张家界地貌是石英砂岩峰林峡谷地貌（quartz sand stone forest peak gorges）
2.江南3大名楼：yueyang tower/yellow crane tower/kingteng pavillion
3.岳阳楼以先天下之忧，后天下之乐而乐（a leader should plan and worry ahead of people,and enjoy the fruits after the people.）闻名。
4.我国10大风景名胜：北京故宫（the palace museum）苏州园林（suzhou classical gardens）桂林山水（mountain and water in guilin）杭州西湖（west lake）安徽黄山（huangshan mountain）秦兵马俑（emperor qinshihuang's mausoleum and terra-cotta warriors and horses）长江三峡（three gorges）台湾日月潭（sun and moon pool in taiwan）避暑山庄（chengde summer resort and surrounding temples）万里长城（great wall）
5.张家界珍稀动植物（rare wild animals and plants）：猕猴（rhesus）穿山甲（pangolin）大鲵（giant salamander）龙虾花（lobster flower）珙桐（dore tree）银杏（ginkgo）云杉（spruce）杜鹃花（azalea）
6.中国10大元帅（marshal)湖南有贺龙、彭德怀、罗荣桓
7.中国工艺美术3长是指：湘绣（xiang embroidery）景德镇瓷器（china）北京雕漆（carved lacquer）
8.湘绣的基本画稿（basic picture）是国画（chinese painting）
9.mawangdui the female corpse has been kept very well,why? key:burried very deeply/sealed up/constant temperture and constant humidity/short of oxygen under the condition of no bacferia
10.the five classics and the four books:classic of changes(易经)，classic of history(书经),classic of poetry(诗经),classic of rites(礼)spring and autumn annals(春秋)analects of confucious(孔子)the great learning(大学)the doctrine of the mean(中庸) book of mencius(孟子)
11.major religions in china:buddhism/daoism /islamism /christinanity
12.eight distinct regional cuisine:sichuan/shandong/guangdong/jiangsu/zhejiang/fujiang/hunan and anhui
13.chinese garden:the summer palace.chengde summer resort.lingering garden(留园).the humble administrator's garden（拙政园）
14.the four treasures of the study:writing brush, ink stick(墨),ink slab(砚),paper
15.the four buddhist sacred mountains in china:wutai,e'mei,jiuhua,putuo
16.china's five sacred peaks:taishan, henshan, henshan in hunan, huashan, songshan
17.4 important chinese classical novels:a pilgrimage to the west, romance of the three kingdoms, a dream of red mansion, the outlaws of the marsh(水浒)
18.4 chinese traditional festivals:spring festival, lantern festival, dragon-boat festival, mid-autumn festival
19.welcome speech:1.to express your welcome on behalf of the local reception service and driver.2.self-introduction 3.introduce the driver.4.to express your hope to offer the good service for the guests.and expect the understanding and cooperation from the guests.5.hope the guests have a nice stay here.
20.farewell speech.
21.游金鞭溪解说可利用的讲解法有：分段讲解法（a section-by-section explanatory introduction）虚实结合法（combination of factual information with abstract reasoning）画龙点睛法（the giving of a crucial touch to a picture）
22.作为全陪（national guide）在入境站（china entry station）接团时应提前多少时间与地陪一起到入境点，并在入境点的什么地方迎候客人(how many minutes……in advance and where should they sit to greet the guests)？
30minutes 海关出口（the exit of custom）
23.全陪在餐车（dining carriage）、机场可否与旅游团共餐（dine together）？
可以 标准与旅游者同（the same standard as that of the tourists）
24.旅游者的护照在不用于申办旅行及其他手续时，由谁保存（declare and go through other procedures who will keep them）？
旅游者各自保存（the tourists themselves）
25.作为全陪在离境站（exit station）应做好那些准备工作(preparatory work)？1.落实飞机、火车或轮船票（confirm the tickets）2.帮助有困难的客人捆扎行礼、行李过称（ready guests wrap the luggage and weigh）3.提醒旅游者带好护照、海关申报表、购物发票，特别是文物和贵重药材购物发票和证明，准备好换汇水单。（remind the tourists of taking custom declaration form.shopping receipts,cultural relics,valuable medicine herbs ,receipts and confirmation exchange memo）4.帮助旅游者结清各种帐单（pay off all the bills）5. 提前2小时到达机场（get to the airport ahead of 2 hours）
26.作为地陪，每天早上客人上车后出发时必须做的事情有那些（what necessary things that local guide should do on departure）？
1.清点人数count 2.向客人问早say hello to the guests 3.报告天气情况和简短新闻the weather report and brief news 4.重申当天日程，午餐安排及返回饭店时间decalare the schedule, lunch arrangement and the returning time to hotel
27.作为地陪旅游团全天活动日程结束后，返回饭店时，要向旅游团宣布哪些事情？1.次日行程或当晚活动安排the schedule of next day or the evening activities 2.次日出发时间，集合地点the departure time and gathering place 3.当天晚餐时间，地点the time and place for having dinner 4.应注意的有关事情some attentions
28.导游员与散客商定日程（dicuss the intinerary ）时必须遵循什么原则？
主随客便原则（respect the gueats） 合理而客能的原则（reasonal but possible）
29.怎样搞好与领队的关系？尊重领队respect 支持领队工作support 避免正面冲突avoid a conflict with leader
30.导游语言有哪4种类型？口头语言oral language 表情语言gesture language形体语言body language 服装语言或非口头语言uniform language
31.商定日程的方法有哪几种：1.以我为主take yourself as the host 2.以客为主
32.商定日程的一般原则：1.宾客至上原则put guests above everything else 2.服务至上top quality service 3.主随客便take the interests of the whole into account 4.合理而可能reasonable and possible 5.平等协商equal negotiation 6.以合同或协议为准则take the contract and negotiation as the regulation
33.游客丢失身份证需乘机怎办？补办临时身份证take a complementary temporary ID card
34.what`s ok ticket? ok ticket is a kind of ticket which has confirmed the date,flight and airseat.
35.the differences between the individual tour and group pacakage tour? 1.the itinerary and arrangement of the tour trip 2.the means of paying 3. the price :individual:higher group：discount /lower 4.freedom limit 5.the number of the tourists individual:not more than 9 and group: above 10 people
36.免机场税情况：the foreign guests who transfer at the domestic airport,he doesn`t go out of the checking area. the guests who take the international flights hongkong, macao flights with the diplomatic passports. the children under 12 years old with half-price tickets. the transfer`s guests who take the domestic flights.
37.作为地陪在中途站送国内团时，离开饭店前应做那些事情？ 1.清点人数count 2.与全陪领队核对行李件数及办好交接手续confirm the number of the luggage and relief of the procedures 3.提醒客人不要遗忘自己的物品也别忘了留下房间钥匙remind guests of not forgetting their personal belongings and remember to leave the roomkey to the front desk. 4.把用完的各项证件票证亲自交给领队或旅游者hand all the identifications, tickets overthe leader or tourists.
